Misc console stuff, settings and scripts

Some Unix / FreeBSD specific stuff I need once in a while but which I’m unable to learn by heart ;)

German keyboard layout in X11

Insert the following line into the keyboard (InputDevice) section of xorg.conf:

Option "XkbLayout" "de"

IceWM Desktop with rox & GDeskCal

Insert the following line into your .xsession (and/or your .xinitrc):

icewm-session & rox -p=Desktop & gdeskcal

German language in X11

Insert the following line into your .profile:

export LANG=de_DE.ISO8859-1

Recursively copy the content of directory1 to directory2

Preserving sparse files, permissions, timestamps, symlinks, owner, group, executability:

# rsync -lrSvpogEt directory1/ directory2/

or (long form):

# rsync --links --recursive --sparse --verbose --perms --owner --group --executabilty --times directory1/ directory2/

alternatively (very short form which also copies devices and special files):

# rsync -aSv directory1/ directory2/

Loop stuff

Mass rename all files with the ending .avi to .mp4

for i in *.avi; do mv $i `basename $i avi`mp4 ; done

Resize all .jpg images in the current folder to 800x600 (with ImageMagick)

for i in `ls *.jpg`; do convert $i -resize 800x600 $i ; done

The usual Unix find madness

Delete all files named "fw*" in the current directory that are older than 30 days

# find . -name "fw*" -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;

Replace "expression1" by "expression2" in all files in the current directory

# find . -exec perl -pi -e s/expression1/expression2/g {} \;

Hard disk imaging

Create a gzipped image of an NTFS partition with Linux

# ntfsclone --save-image -o - /dev/hda1 | gzip -c > /mnt/nas02/backup_name.img.gz

Restore a gzipped image of an NTFS partition with Linux

# gunzip -c /mnt/usb/backup_name.img.gz | ntfsclone --restore-image --overwrite /dev/hda1

Create an image of the the MBR and boot sector of a hard drive

# dd if=/dev/hda of=mbrboot.img bs=512 count=2

Create an image of the the MBR only

# dd if=/dev/hda of=mbr.img bs=446 count=1

AMIGA Shell section

Applies to AROS, too…

Create an lha archive recursively with subdirs

lha -e -r -a -x a ram:mydir.lha dh0:mydir/